APPENDIX 1
Elements of the Environment

The following tables describe elements of the environment broken down into 3 main categories; physical, biological and social.

Within each element is given a listing of possible issues that may have to be considered when assessing environmental effects.

A Elements of the Physical Environment

RIVER REGIME

EROSION AND LAND STABILITY

SEDIMENTATION

SURFACE WATER

GROUND WATER

AGRICULTURAL SOIL

FOUNDATION MATERIALS

CLIMATE/-ATMOSPHERE

NUISANCE

LANDFORM

Effect on dominant channel-forming flow

Slope of land

Vegetative cover

Alteration of existing currents

 

Effect on flow patterns

Utilisation

Material suitability

Aerosols

Noise

Dust

Smell

Landscape dominant elements

Rate of change

                   

Effect on peak flow

Rainfall intensity and duration

Alteration of channel bed

Expected rate

 

Effect on levels

Effects on use or abstraction

Any beneficial use

Storage

Rehabilitation

Drainage patterns surface and sub-surface

Emissions

Microclimate changes

Weather modifications

Background survey

Predicted changes

Boundaries of effects

 
                   

Alteration of stop-banks

Groundwater effects

Provision for sedimentation traps

Catchment condition

 

Load bearing capacity

 

Heat plumes

Abatement measures

 
                   

Flood control

   

Effect on land use

Effect on land use

Effect on land use

Groundwater levels

 

Prevailing wind direction

Ability to retrofit if necessary

 
 

Effect of velocity distribution of water flow

 

Effect of riparian zone including wetlands

 

Geomorpho-logical parameters

       
                   

Alteration of channel slope

Earthquake zone

 

Trace element additions

 

Geological parameters

       
                   

Alteration of bed material

Subsidence

 

Nutrient addition

Nutrient addition

         
                   

Restriction of width

Geological parameters

 

Quality changes

Quality changes

Quality changes

       
                   

Geomorpho-logical parameters

                 

 

B Elements of the Biological Environment

THREATENED SPECIES

SPECIAL

FEATURES

DIVERSITY

NATURALNESS

REPRESENTATIVENESS

UNIQUENESS

STABILITY OF ECOSYSTEM

SPATIAL

CONTENT

CULTURAL

VALUE

Identification of rare and vulnerable species

 

Limit of its distribution

Bird colonies

 

Breeding grounds

 

Fossil bearing deposits

 

Geographic limit of range, rarity, abundance of particular feature

Species richness (flora and fauna)

 

Community and habitat richness

 

Endemicness

(local species)

 

Interdependence of species

Extent of modification from natural condition

 

Potential regeneration

Characteristics of an ecological district (swamp, wetland, estuary, etc.)

 

Represents diversity of a district (or former diversity - ie a small pocket representative of original state)

Unusual combinations of:

- species

- physical features

Ability to self sustain

 

Ability to recover from disturbance

 

Long term stability

Area of the natural community

 

Shape

 

Surrounding landscape

 

Proximity to human activity and infra-structure

 

Buffer zone as protection

Spiritual

 

Heritage (as built and natural)

 

Archaeology

 

Scientific and educative

 

Recreative

 

Economic (products, tourism, energy)

 

 

C Elements of the Social Environment

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

EMPLOYMENT

SETTLEMENT

LAND VALUE

EXISTING LAND USES

RISKS AND ANXIETIES

PERSONAL AND SOCIAL VALUES

HISTORICAL/ CULTURAL

LANDSCAPE/ VISUAL

RECREATION

Technocratic vs democratic decision-making

Local vs migrant

 

Offshore vs NZ

Existing patterns

 

Communication network

Existing land tenure

 

Compensation

 

Mechanism of acquisition

Effects on

 

Potential land capability

Community perception of risk

- physical

health

- mental

health

Lifestyle changes

 

Identification of ethos of community and region

Traditions of community

 

Experience of comparable projects

Unique physical features

Measures to

- protect

- rehabilitate

- enhance

Types

 

Access

 

Opportunities

- created

- foreclosed

                   

Process to be followed

Training

Projected increases in size

Extent

District and Regional schemes

Dynamic of community changes

Identification of attitudes to specific project

Ethnicity "class"

Identify local values apropos aesthetic and landscape

both direct and indirect

                   

Identification of sequence of consultation

Full v part time

 

Transfer of labour from existing employment

 

Transfer of labour at completion of project

Community facilities

 

Medical/education/Police etc

 

Existing population pattern age/ sex spread ethnicity

 

Projected changes to population pattern

Property values

 

Protected public or private land

 

Perception of noise/smell/ dust

Indication of "activity" potential

Exposure to development

Value

 

Identify national values